Hair-waving apparatus



Sept. 22, 1953 J. LECLABARTY HAIR-WAVING APPARATUS Filed May 14, 1949 13a 13 l 13a INVENTOR. K Jean ec/aart ux/gum TTD 'LN E55 Patented Sept. 22, 1953 UNITED STATES A"PATENT OFFICE AHAIR-WAVINGr APPARATUS Jean Leclabart, Paris, France Application May 14, 1949, Serial No. 93,312 In France August 1.948

4 Claims. (Cl. 132-362) 1 This invention relates to a new hair-Waving apparatus.

In prior art strands of hair were moistened in a waving solution and then were wound individually upon mandrels or curlers. In the case of cold -hair waving, the strands of hair must remain wound a considerable length of time in order to form a wave. The heating of the hair has the advantage of speeding up the process to a consider- -able extent but it requires expensive and complicated apparatus, therheating elements of which areheated to a comparatively high temperature, usually substantially higher than 100 C. This high temperature is ofen most uncomfortable and inconvenient to the operator as well as to the user,

vand sometimes results in burns andother damage. Thev use of heating clamps or similar ele- `ments which are placed over. the-wovenstrands of hairV is particularly dangerous since such clamps may burn, not only the woven strands but .vision of a new Adevice for carrying out almethod of permanent waving which. combines the .ad-

vantageous features of both cold and hot waving,

and eliminates the drawbacks of both methods.

The device which is the object of the invention -makes possible a waving method by the usev of which the time required for kcold Waving is reduced, substantially to the time necessary7 for hot-waving, While at the same time eliminating metallic heaters and complicated heating apparatus.

The device which is the object of the invention is a vheating sleeve for mounting upon a strand of hair which has been impregnated with the customary cold-waving solutionk and is `wound `upon a clamp or mandrel. AThis heating sleeve comprises an elongated tubular body made wholly of a plastic, ilexible and elastic material-provided with a longitudinal slot formedl therein from one end to the other end thereof, the portion of said body located opposite said .slot forming a hinge for the two lateralportions of said body located adjacent to sides of said slot, two ribs fastwith said tubular body extending on Iopposite-sides of said hinge and constituting nger supports for manipulating said sleeve and at leastone vvseparate metallic heat accumulating body embedded in the material of said tubular body. -This-sleeve,

2 which has been heated to a temperature less than C., supplies sufficient heat to the waving so lution so `as to precipitate its action and thus reduce to a considerable extent the time necessary for the waving of the hair.

The user can easily open the tube due to the provision of the longitudinal slot, and place it over the wound strand of hair, the edges ofthe slot pressing against each other as thel result of y their elasticity.

The elastic sleeve need not be made completely of an elastic material but may be made with a partly elastic section serving as a connection 0r hingeA between two non-elastic portions located on opposite sides of the longitudinal slot. These non-elastic portions may be made of metal, ivory, wood or the like. The two ribs fast with `the tubular body and extending on opposite sides of the hinge'serve as holders for `the fingers of the user to facilitate the. opening ofthe sleeve. The

rmetallic heat accumulating bodies embedded in the material of the tubular body of the `sleeve may be metallic rods embedded longitudinally insaid tubular body.

. The sleeve may be heated by being immersed in a hot liquidy or by any other suitable :means Preferably, the sleeve is heated by the use of a heating 'container which may yconsist of a casing .containing a double bottom which is i'llledwith heat-insulating material such as sand, gravel or the like.

The inventionv will appear more clearly from the following detailed description, when taken in connection withaccompanying drawings showing,

`byway of example, preferred embodiments of the inventive idea.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a section through a sleeve constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention;

Figure`2 is a section through a somewhat dfferently constructed sleeve;

Figure 3 is a section through a third form of the sleeve;

Figure 4 is ak section through a sleeve provided with .depending leg portions;

Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through a diferently constructed sleeve, along the line V-V` vof Figure 6;

, Figure 6 isan end view ofV the sleeve shown in Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a perspectiveview of a differently .constructed sleve;

Figure 8 is a transverse section throughthe sleeve shown inFigure 7;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of a sleeve of a different form;

Figure is a transverse section through a differently constructed sleeve;

Figure l1 is a transverse section through yet another sleeve;

In accordance with the embodiment shown in Figure l the heating sleeve consists of an inner tube lc and an outer tube 3c, which is mounted upon the tube lc. These tubes consisting of simple rubber tube having a slot, respectively 2 and 2c, which extends transversely along the entire length of the tube. The tubes, in lieu of rubber, may be made of any other suitable elastic material. Thus the edge portions 2b which are located on opposite sides of the slot 2c are formed of somewhat less thickness and greater elasticity than the other portions of the article so that a strand of hair wound upon a clamp, to be described hereinafter, and impregnated with a waving solution, in the usual manner, can be sufficiently firmly clamped by the members 2b, thereby avoiding the escape of heat. The outer sleeve 3c encloses only a part of the inner sleeve lc, leaving exposed the members 2b. The sleeve 3c may be connected to the sleeve ic in any suitable manner, such as glue, pressure or the like. It is apparent that the edges 2b will retain sufcient elasticity to conform themselves to the location of the roots of hair forming a strand which is to be covered by the sleeve.

Obviously, the arrangement may be reversed and the recesses may be formed upon the inner member.

An insert d, which may serve as a heat accumulator, is located beween the tubes 3c and Ic. In the construction shown in Figure 1 a single heat accumulator 4, which is made of metal, is set diametrically opposite the slot 2c.

The sleeve shown in Figure 2 consists of an outer member 3d enclosing an inner member ld A'which is provided with a slit 2d. Two metal inserts da and all), serving as heat accumulators, are located opposite each other and substantially at right angles to the slot 2d.

It is apparent that the heat accumulators li, 4a

Vand cb may be made of metal, a metal alloy or of any other suitable heat-conserving material.

These accumulators can be rmly and permanently imbedded in the device, or they may be introduced into their proper positions between the concentric tubes after having been heated, and solely for the duration of the heating operation. In accordance with the construction in Figure 3 the heating sleeve consists of a single tube 5b, the cylindrical interior of which is made eccentric in relation to that tube so that that 4,part of the tube which is located opposite the slot 6b has a greater thickness than the remaining portions of the tube. This arrangement results in a construction which has all the advantages of the construction shown in Figures '1 and 2, namely, the portions 6c located on opposite sides of the slot 5b are suiiiciently thin and elastic, While the opposed portion 5a is sumciently thick to provide a sufficient accumulation of heat.

This portion 5a is provided with additional recesses adapted to contain a heat accumulator 8. The recesses may be located diametrically opposite the slot 6b leading to the interior lb of the tube 5b. The accumulator 8 may be of curved shape so as to fit more conveniently into the tube 5b.

Obviously, the accumulators may be imbedded in the tubes at the time the latter are manlifactured, and may be of any suitable form. Other heat-retaining elements in granular or threaded form may be also conveniently located within the sleeve.

The sleeve shown in Figure 4 is substantially similar to the sleeve of Figure 3 in that it consists of a single tube i I provided with a slot I3 and the cylindrical interior i2 of which is eccentric in relation to that tube, but this tube H has two supports or legs i3d having the form of ridges or projections which may extend along the entire length of the tube. Due to this arrangement the sleeve shown in Figure e is supported upon the scalp of the user, or upon the protecting pad solely along narrow surfaces. The contacting surfaces may be further diminished by providing transverse grooves upon the lower ends of the legs 53a, thereby eliminating the transmission of heat to the user. As in the construction shown in Figure 3, the tube Il contains a heat accumulator lli. The cylindrical space l2 which is eccentric in relation to the member H, communicates with the outside through the slot I3. The legs i3d are located on opposite sides of the slot i3.

It is apparent that numerous changes may be made in the illustrated constructions. For example, the sleeves need not be round and the longitudinal slit may be arranged lat any section of the sleeve. The heat accumulating elements may be arranged transversely to the sleeve nstead of longitudinally, and may consist of a plurality of elements.

By Way of example, the sleeve shown in Figure 3 may be of the following dimensions: The elements 6c. adjacent the slit 6b may have a thickness of 1.5 mm. The hollow space 'lb may have a diameter of 8 mm. The distances between the slit 6b and the heat accumulator 8 may be equal to 10.5 mm. The heat accumulator 3 may have a maximum thickness of 1.5 mm. and may be situated at a distance of 1.5 mm. from the outer surface of the sleeve. Obviously, the length of the sleeve depends on the length of the hair-carrying clamp.

As already stated, the sleeves may be conveniently heated in a container lled with hot water. On the other hand, all other heating means may be utilized, such as a container heated by steam, gas, electricity, or hot coals, or by means having :a lengthy combustion. Furthermore, the sleeves may be immersed in sand heated to a suitable temperature. The sleeves can be arranged in heating devices in such manner that they are easily accessible and may be removed from heating containers by means of pincers so as to avoid any danger of burning the fingers of the user.

It is apparent that the described sleeves are most simple in construction, light, inexpensive and easy to use. Furthermore, the utilization of these sleeves avoids the danger of damaging the hair since the temperature to which they are heated must not exceed C. Finally, the described sleeves may be advantageously heated by simple and most eective means.

The Figures 1 to l and the hereinabove explanations are to illustrate and describe the different embodiments of the peculiar structure of the tubular body of the heating sleeve according to the invention, which sleeve also includes two ribs fast with the tubular body and constituting finger supports for manipulating the sleeve.

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate entirely a first embodiment of a heating sleeve. This sleeve in- -cludes a main body If which is made of rubber or any other suitable plastic and elastic material. The body |f encloses a hollow, cylindrical space 2f which is eccentric in relation to the body If. A longitudinal slit 3f connects the chamber 2f 'with the atmosphere and is located at the thinnest portion of the member If. A metallic body 4f is imbedded in the rubber element If and serves as la heat accumulator and as heat-transmitting means.

The sleeve also includes two members I5 1ocated on opposite sides of the tube I j and on opposite sides of the slit 3f. Each of these members consists of a metallic wire which is bent in the middle to form a loop I6 located above the `body I f and away from the slit 3f. The two ends of each of the wires I5 are inserted through the rubber body If at points Il and I8, vshown in Figure 5, and yare bent against surfaces of the hollow space 2f to form legs I9 and i0.

It is apparent that when the user presses the two loops I6 toward each other the ends I9 and I I will move outwardly and will pull along with them the edges of the tubular body located adjacent a slit 3f, thereby opening the slit and/ facilitating the mounting of the sleeve upon a wound strand of hair.

As shown in Figure 5, the heat accumulator 4b has the form of a plate which is longer than the sleeve If so that its ends project beyond the ends of the tube and are bent at these ends.

This arrangement has the advantage that when the sleeve is inserted into a container for heating purposes the projecting ends of the plate 4f will be brought in contact with the heated Walls of the container and will readily absorb heat and transmit it throughout the sleeve. Due to this arrangement the sleeve may be readily and uniformly heated, and will be able to absorb large amounts of heat in its interior.

The sleeve shown in Figures '7 and 8 includes a rubber body I I I which is provided with a longitudinal slit ||2. In this construction the opening of the tubular member |I| is caused by two members |I3 and |I4 consisting of thin, curved metal sheets provided with outwardly bent projecting portions III and IIS which can be readily engaged by the-iingers of the user. The opposite ends of the members H3 and ||4 are introduced into the hollow interior of the tube I I through the slit ||2, and are bent against the inner walls of the tube I I I, thus forming the portions I| and IIB. `It is apparent that the end portions of the tube I I I, located on opposite sides of the slit H2, are enclosed by the end portions of the metallic members ||3 and |I4. It is further app-arent that when the user moves the projections III and IIB toward each other the portions ||5 and ||6 will cause the opening of the slit ||2 so that the sleeve can be conveniently placed over a clamp.

A metal plate I9 which is provided with suitable curvature is located within the hollow interior of the tube III, and is situated against an inner surface of the tube opposite the slit ||2. The plate IIS, which serves as a further heat accumulator, may be supported within the tube I|| by clips |20, which are located at opposite ends of the tube III. Obviously, the members may be integral with the plate |I9. It is apparent that the plate I I9 in no way interferes with the opening or closing of the sleeve, or with any changes in the form thereof.

Figure 9 shows a sleeve comprising a tubular d member -'I2| made of rubber or otherplastic-an'd elastic material, and provided with a longitudinal slit |22. The rubber body |2| is integral with wing-shaped projections |23 and |24, which are located substantially .opposite the-slit |22. It is apparent that the projecting portions |23 and |24 serve as finger supports and that a pressing of the members |23 and |24 toward each other will cause the opening of the slit |22. This arrangement has the advantagethat the'actuating members |23 and |24 are formed at the same time that the sleeve |2I is formed. Metal rods '|25 and |26, serving as accumulators of heat, .are

imbedded in the tube |2| at the time the llatter is formed. The ends of the metal rods |25 and |26 project from opposite ends of the sleeve |2|, and these projecting ends have a somewhat larger diameter than the main body of thenrods. It is apparent that the rods |25 and |26 -extend parallel to each other in the course of the yuse of the sleeve, so that the sleeve will be of proper form, and the edges located opposite the slit `|22 will remain parallel to each other despite lthe deformations to which the sleeve may be -subjected in the course of its use.

Figure 10 shows a sleevefhaving a body 429 which is integral with wing-like projections |23a. and |24a, located substantially opposite the slit |22a. In this construction the heat-accumulating means consists of two curved plates I2`| and |28, situated opposite each other'within the tubular member |29, and essentially at right angles to the slit |22a. As shown in Figure 10, the plates |27 and |20 are maintained in place by lips or projections I2Ia and |2811., respectively, which are bent around the outer edges ofthe body |29.

In the construction shown in Figure 11 the metal heat accumulators ISI and |32 have replaced the thin portions of the rubber tube, and

are located opposite each other, forming a slot |2219. -The main body |30 of the sleeve consists of rubber, and is located directly opposite the slot |2219. The member |30 may be made integral with iinger-engaging projections |23b and |24b. Rods |23c and |240 may be located within these projections. It is thus apparent that'in this construction the `sleeve consists of three parts, namely, two metal portions 43| and |32, which form the jaws .of -the sleeve, and an elastic center portion |30, which serves as a. hinge between the jaws. Thejaws |3| and '|32 may beA convenientlyvimbedded in the rubber member |30 by means of portions |3|a and ISIb', which are imbedded in the rubber member |30.

In all constructions hereinbefore described the jaws are located symmetrically on opposite sides of the slit, and the portion serving as a hinge is located opposite this slit. These constructions may be replaced by a construction wherein the hinge-like portion is shifted in relation to the slit and wherein the jaws on opposite sides of the slit are of unequal length.

Before utilizing the sleeves described, the user divides her hair into strands which are impregnated with any suitable waving solution and winds the strands of hair upon one clamp In the meantime heat sleeves of the type shown in Figures 1 to 11 are heated in an adequate container to a temperature which should be less than C. The user may apply one protective pad upon each wound strand of hair, so that the pad is located upon the scalp of the user and between the scalp and the clamp. Thereupon, the heated sleeves are removed from the container and are `sleeves are removed from the wound strands and then the protective pads are withdrawn from the head, whereupon the hair is unwound from the clamps.

It is apparent that the illustrations shown above have been given solely by way of illustration, and not by way of limitation, and that they are subject to many variations and modifications. All of such variations and modications are to be included Within the scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In the art of hair waving, a heating sleeve for mounting upon a wound strand oi hair, said sleeve comprising an elongated tubular body made wholly of a plastic, flexible and elastic material provided with a longitudinal slot formed therein from one end to the other end thereof, the portion of said body located opposite said slot forming a hinge for the two lateral portions of said body located adjacent to sides of said slot,

two ribs fast with said tubular body extending on opposite sides of said hinge and constituting iinger supports for manipulating said sleeve, and at least one separate metallic heat accumulating body embedded in the material of said tubular body.

2. In the art of hair waving, a heating sieeve for mounting upon a wound strand of hair, said sleeve comprising an elongated tubular body made wholly of a plastic, flexible and elastic material provided with a longitudinal slot formed therein from one end to the other end thereof, the portion of said body located opposite said slot forming a hinge for the two lateral portions of said body located adjacent to sides of said. slot, said tubular body being formed with two ribs integral with said body and extending on opposite sides of said hinge and constituting finger supports for manipulating said sleeve, and metallic rods embedded longitudinally in said tubular body and constituting heat accumulating bodies.

3. In the art of hair waving, a heating sleeve for mounting upon a wound strand of hair, said sleeve comprising an elongated tubular body made wholly of a plastic, iiexible and elastic materiaI provided with a longitudinal slot formed therein from one end to the other end thereof, the portion of said body located opposite said slot forming a hinge for the two lateral portions of said body located adjacent to sides of said slot, two ribs fast with said tubular body extending on opposite sides of said hinge and constituting nger supports for manipulating said sleeve, and at least one separate metallic heat accumulating body embedded in the material of said tubular body, and having its ends projecting beyond the ends of said tubular body, said projecting ends of said metallic heat accumulating body being adapted to be brought in contact with the heated Walls of a container when the sleeve is inserted into said container for heating purposes.

4. In the art of hair waving, a heating sleeve for mounting upon a wound strand of hair, said sleeve comprising an elongated tubular body made Wholly of a plastic, flexible and elastic material provided with a longitudinal slot formed therein from one end to the other end thereof, the portion of said body located opposite said slot forming a hinge for the two lateral portions of said body located adjacent to the sides or" said slot, and at least one separate metallic heat accumulating body embedded in the4 material of said tubular body, the inner cylindrical space formed in said tubular body being eccentric in relation to said tubular body, the thickness of said body being the smallest in the portions adjacent said slot.

JEAN LECLABART.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,089,664 Osada Mar. 10, "1914 1,157,447 Stoddard Oct. 19, 1915 1,774,532 Smith Sept. 2, 1930 2,046,632 Johnson July 7, 1936 2,108,469 Bonat Feb. 15, 1938 2,140,184 Decker Dec. 13, 1938 2,143,700 Joselyn Jan. 10, 1939 2,172,033 Prisciotta Sept. 5, 1939 2,253,973 Fluege] Aug. 26, 1941 2,277,032 Berman Mar. 24, 1942 2,287,335 Yven June 23, 1942 2,343,470 Nast Mar. 7, 1944 2,344,097 Leclabart Mar. 14, 1944 

